\(m_{Al}=27,8.19,2\%=5,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe}=27,8-5,4=22,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH:

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

0,2-->0,15------->0,1

3Fe + 2O₂ --t^o--> Fe₃O₄

0,4-->4/15--------->2/15

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{kk}=\left(0,15+\dfrac{4}{15}\right).22,4.5=\dfrac{140}{3}\left(l\right)\\m_{Cran}=0,1.102+\dfrac{2}{15}.232=\dfrac{617}{15}\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

mAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4g

⇒nAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\)=0,2mol

⇒nFe=\(\dfrac{27,8-5,4}{56}\)=0,4mol

4Al+3O2to→2Al2O34

3Fe+2O2to→Fe3O4

⇒nO2=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)nAl+\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)nFe=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)mol

⇒Vkk=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\).22,4.5=46,67l

b,

mrắn=27,8+mO2=27,8+​​\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)32=41,1g

→⎧⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎩Vkk=(0,15+415

\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{19,2\%.27,8}{27}=\dfrac{1112}{5625}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{\left(100\%-19,2\%\right).27,8}{56}=\dfrac{14039}{35000}\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\\ n_{O_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{1112}{5625}.0,75+\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{14039}{35000}\approx0,4156762\left(mol\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}\approx0,4156762.5.22,4\approx46,5557344\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1112}{5625}}{2}=\dfrac{556}{5625}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{14039}{35000}}{3}=\dfrac{14039}{105000}\left(mol\right)\\ m_{rắn}=\dfrac{14039}{105000}.232+\dfrac{556}{5625}.102=41,1016381\left(g\right)\)

Fe hóa trị mấy để tạo ra h/c

\(m_{Fe}=32.70\%=22,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Mg}=32-22,4=9,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ 3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\\ 2Mg+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2MgO\\ n_{O_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{Fe}+\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,4+\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=\dfrac{7}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{7}{15}.22,4=\dfrac{784}{75}\left(l\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{784}{75}.\dfrac{100}{20}=\dfrac{784}{15}\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,4=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{rắn}=m_{Fe_3O_4}+m_{MgO}=\dfrac{232.2}{15}+0,4.40=\dfrac{704}{15}\left(g\right)\)

\(a,m_{Fe}=\%Fe.m_{hh}=70\%.32=22,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=32-22,4=9,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\left(1\right)\)

\(PTHH:2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\left(2\right)\)

\(Theo.PTHH\left(1\right):n_{O_2\left(Fe\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,4=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(Theo.PTHH\left(2\right):n_{O_2\left(Mg\right)}=2n_{Mg}=2.0,4=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(tổng\right)}=n_{O_2\left(Fe\right)}+n_{O_2\left(Mg\right)}=\dfrac{4}{15}+0,8=\dfrac{16}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=\dfrac{16}{15}.22,4=\dfrac{1792}{75}\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=\dfrac{1792}{75}.5=\dfrac{1792}{15}\left(l\right)\)

\(m_C=10.36\%=3,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_S=10-3,6=6,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_S=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(C+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow CO_2\)

\(S+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow SO_2\)

\(n_{O_2}=0,3+0,2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Vì oxi chiếm 20% thể tích không khí 

=> \(V_{kk}=\dfrac{0,5.22,4}{20\%}=56\left(lít\right)\)

\(n_{hh}=n_{CO_2}+n_{SO_2}=0,3+0,2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{hh}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(lít\right)\)

PTHH: 

mS=10−3,6=6,4(g)⇔nS=6,432=0,2(mol)mS=10−3,6=6,4(g)⇔nS=6,432=0,2(mol)

VO2=(0,3+0,2)22,4=11,2(l)VO2=(0,3+0,2)22,4=11,2(l)

mhh=mCO2+mSO2=0,3.44+0,2.64=26(g)

Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 28 lít hỗn hợp gồm CH4 và C2H2 trong đó CH4 chiếm 20% về thể tích. Hãy tính
a) Thể tích không khí cần dùng biết oxi chiếm 20% thể tích không khí
b) Thể tích khí CO2 tạo thành biết các khí đều đo ở đktc
-----------------------------
CH4 chiếm 20% trong 28 lit hỗn hợp
=> V CH4 = 20%.28 = 5,6 lit
=> nCH4 = V/22,4 = 0,25 mol
=> V C2H2 = 28 - 5,6 = 22,4 lit
=> n C2H2 = V/22,4 = 1 mol
CH4       +   2O2 ---------> CO2 + 2H2O 
0,25           0,5                0,25
C2H2     +    5/2O2 -------------> 2CO2 + H2O
1                2,5                            2
=> V kh + 2,5).100/20.22,4 = 336 lit
=> VCO2 = (0,25 + 2).22,4 = 50,4 lit

a)

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)

=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

             a--->0,75a----->0,5a

            2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

              b--->0,5b------->b

=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2

=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)

n_O2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)

=> V_O2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

=> V_kk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)

c) 

m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)

m_Mg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)

a)

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)

=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

             a--->0,75a----->0,5a

            2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

              b--->0,5b------->b

=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2

=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)

n_O2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)

=> V_O2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

=> V_kk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)

c) 

m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)

m_Mg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)

\(a,m_C=10.36\%=3,6\left(kg\right)=3600\left(g\right)\\ n_C=\dfrac{3600}{12}=300\left(mol\right)\\ m_S=10-3,6=6,4\left(kg\right)=6400\left(g\right)\\ n_S=\dfrac{6400}{32}=200\left(mol\right)\\ C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\\ S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\\ n_{O_2\left(tổng\right)}=n_C+n_S=300+200=500\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(tổng\right)\left(đktc\right)}=500.22,4=11200\left(l\right)\\ V_{kk}=\dfrac{100}{20}V_{O_2\left(tổng\right)\left(đktc\right)}=5.11200=56000\left(l\right)\\ b,V_{hh\left(CO_2,SO_2\left(đktc\right)\right)}=22,4.\left(n_C+n_S\right)=22,4.\left(300+200\right)=11200\left(l\right)\)